2 Samuel 23:13
King James Version (1769)
Other translations
| Verse | KJV | BSB | ASV |
|---|---|---|---|
| 13 | And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim. | At harvest time, three of the thirty chief men went down to David at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. | And three of the thirty chief men went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam; and the troop of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim. |
In context
Who is speaking and to whom, what is happening, when and where, and why it matters, each with its sources. Coming with the context cards.
Where
- Adullam settlementMapAbout this place
- Valley of Rephaim valleyMapAbout this place
Locations from OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0). Some ancient sites are uncertain.
Original Hebrew words
| English | Hebrew | Say it | Strong's | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| and they went down | וַיֵּרְד֨וּ | vai-ye-re-DU | H3381 | to go downיָרַד (ya.rad) 1) to go down, descend, decline, march down, sink down 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to go or come down 1a2) to sink 1a3) to be prostrated 1a4) to come down (of revelation) 1b) (Hiphil) 1b1) to bring down 1b2) to send down 1b3) to take down 1b4) to lay prostrate 1b5) to let down 1c) (Hophal) 1c1) to be brought down 1c2) to be taken down |
| three | שְׁלֹשָׁ֜ה | she-lo-shim | H7969 | threeשָׁלֹשׁ (sha.losh) 1) three, triad 1a) 3, 300, third Aramaic equivalent: te.lat (תְּלָת "three" H8532) |
| from the thirty | מֵהַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣ים | me-ha-she-lo-SHIM | H7970 | thirtyשְׁלֹשִׁים (she.lo.shim) thirty, thirtieth Aramaic equivalent: te.la.tin (תְּלָתִין "thirty" H8533) |
| leader[s] | רֹ֗אשׁ | Rosh | H7218H | No entry |
| and they came | וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ | vai-ya-VO-'u | H0935G | to come (in): comeבּוֹא (bo) : come/go_in 1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to enter, come in 1a2) to come 1a2a) to come with 1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy) 1a2c) to come to pass 1a3) to attain to 1a4) to be enumerated 1a5) to go 1b) (Hiphil) 1b1) to lead in 1b2) to carry in 1b3) to bring in, cause to come in, gather, cause to come, bring near, bring against, bring upon 1b4) to bring to pass 1c) (Hophal) 1c1) to be brought, brought in 1c2) to be introduced, be put |
| to | אֶל־ | 'el- | H0413 | to(wards)אֶל (el) 1) to, toward, unto (of motion) 2) into (limit is actually entered) 2a) in among 3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion) 4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character) 5) in addition to, to 6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of 7) according to (rule or standard) 8) at, by, against (of one's presence) 9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to) |
| [the] harvest | קָצִיר֙ | ka-TZIR | H7105A | harvestקָצִיר (qa.tsir) 1) harvest, harvesting 1a) process of harvesting 1b) crop, what is harvested or reaped 1c) time of harvest |
| to | אֶל־ | 'el- | H0413 | to(wards)אֶל (el) 1) to, toward, unto (of motion) 2) into (limit is actually entered) 2a) in among 3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion) 4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character) 5) in addition to, to 6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of 7) according to (rule or standard) 8) at, by, against (of one's presence) 9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to) |
| David | דָּוִ֔ד | da-VID | H1732 | Davidדָּוִד (da.vid) A king of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at Rut.4.17; son of: Jesse (H3448) and Nahash (H5176I); brother of: Eliab (H0446I), Abinadab (H0041I), Shimeah (H8093), Zeruiah (H6870), Abigail (H0026H)(?), Nethanel (H5417H), Raddai (H7288), Ozem (H0684) and Elihu (H0453J); married to Michal (H4324), Abigail (H0026), Ahinoam (H0293H), Maacah (H4601I), Haggith (H2294), Abital (H0037), Eglah (H5698) and Bathsheba (H1339); … |
| to | אֶל־ | 'el- | H0413 | to(wards)אֶל (el) 1) to, toward, unto (of motion) 2) into (limit is actually entered) 2a) in among 3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion) 4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character) 5) in addition to, to 6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of 7) according to (rule or standard) 8) at, by, against (of one's presence) 9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to) |
| [the] cave of | מְעָרַ֖ת | me-'a-RAT | H4631 | caveמְעָרָה (me.a.rah) cave, den, hole |
| Adullam | עֲדֻלָּ֑ם | 'a-du-LAM | H5725 | Adullamעֲדֻלָּם (a.dul.lam) Adullam = "justice of the people" a town of the Canaanites allotted to Judah and lying in the lowlands; site of the cave where David hid Also named: a.dul.la.mi (עֲדֻלָּמִי "Adullamite" H5726) |
| and a community of | וְחַיַּ֣ת | ve-chai-YAT | H2416D | communityחַיָּה (chay.yah) community |
| Philistines | פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים | pe-lish-TIM | H6430G | Philistineפְּלִשְׁתִּי (pe.lish.ti) Philistine = "immigrants" an inhabitant of Philistia; descendants of Mizraim who immigrated from Caphtor (Crete?) to the western seacoast of Canaan Another spelling of pe.le.shet (פְּלֶ֫שֶׁת "Philistia" H6429) |
| [was] encamped | חֹנָ֖ה | cho-NAH | H2583 | to campחָנָה (cha.nah) 1) to decline, incline, encamp, bend down, lay siege against 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to decline 1a2) to encamp |
| in [the] valley of | בְּעֵ֥מֶק | be-'E-mek | H6010P | Valley (of Achor)עֵ֫מֶק (e.meq) Combined with a.khor (עָכוֹר " of Achor" H5911) § valley, vale, lowland, open country |
| [the] Rephaites | רְפָאִֽים׃ | re-fa-'IM | H7497G | Valley (of Rephaim)עֵ֫מֶק (e.meq) Combined with re.pha.im (רְפָאִים " of Rephaim" H7497) § valley, vale, lowland, open country |
Words and meanings from STEPBible data (Tyndale House, Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). The capitalized syllable is the stressed one.