Jude · Chapter 1

Jude 1:7

¹Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to them that are sanctified by God the Father, and preserved in Jesus Christ, and called:²Mercy unto you, and peace, and love, be multiplied.³Beloved, when I gave all diligence to write unto you of the common salvation, it was needful for me to write unto you, and exhort you that ye should earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints.⁴For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ.⁵I will therefore put you in remembrance, though ye once knew this, how that the Lord, having saved the people out of the land of Egypt, afterward destroyed them that believed not.⁶And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day.⁷Even as Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire.⁸Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion, and speak evil of dignities.⁹Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee.¹⁰But these speak evil of those things which they know not: but what they know naturally, as brute beasts, in those things they corrupt themselves.¹¹Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.¹²These are spots in your feasts of charity, when they feast with you, feeding themselves without fear: clouds they are without water, carried about of winds; trees whose fruit withereth, without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots;¹³Raging waves of the sea, foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, to whom is reserved the blackness of darkness for ever.¹⁴And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints,¹⁵To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him.¹⁶These are murmurers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men’s persons in admiration because of advantage.¹⁷But, beloved, remember ye the words which were spoken before of the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ;¹⁸How that they told you there should be mockers in the last time, who should walk after their own ungodly lusts.¹⁹These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit.²⁰But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost,²¹Keep yourselves in the love of God, looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life.²²And of some have compassion, making a difference:²³And others save with fear, pulling them out of the fire; hating even the garment spotted by the flesh.²⁴Now unto him that is able to keep you from falling, and to present you faultless before the presence of his glory with exceeding joy,²⁵To the only wise God our Saviour, be glory and majesty, dominion and power, both now and ever. Amen.

King James Version (1769)

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Verse	KJV	BSB	ASV
7	Even as Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire.	In like manner, Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities around them, who indulged in sexual immorality and pursued strange flesh, are on display as an example of those who sustain the punishment of eternal fire.	Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them, having in like manner with these given themselves over to fornication and gone after strange flesh, are set forth as an example, suffering the punishment of eternal fire.

In context

AI-assisted, sourced

This is the third of three warning examples Jude gives of God's judgment, after Israel in the wilderness and the angels who left their place. Sodom, Gomorrha and nearby cities gave themselves to sexual sin and now stand as a warning of judgment by fire. Jude then says the ungodly men troubling his readers act 'likewise.' Jude 1:5 Jude 1:6 Jude 1:7 Jude 1:8

SpeakingJude, who calls himself a servant of Jesus Christ and brother of James. Jude 1:1 Jude overview

ToBelievers 'sanctified by God the Father, and preserved in Jesus Christ, and called.' The letter does not say where they lived. Jude 1:1 Jude overview

Also involvedSodom, Gomorrha and the cities around them are the example. The ungodly men who had "crept in unawares" act "likewise" (1:8), and the readers are warned about them. Jude 1:4 Jude 1:7 Jude 1:8

The cities gave themselves over to sexual immorality and went after 'strange flesh.' Their destruction by fire is held up as a warning example of God's punishment. Genesis tells how the LORD rained brimstone and fire on them because their sin was very grievous. Jude 1:7 Genesis 18:20 Genesis 19:24

Sodom and Gomorrah were settlements in the same area, placed near latitude 31.21, longitude 35.45. Jeremiah calls the surrounding towns their 'neighbour cities.' The letter does not say where it was written or sent. Sodom Gomorrah Jeremiah 50:40 Jude overview

The eventsThe destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah happened in the time of Genesis, long before Jude wrote. Later Scripture looks back on it as a lasting sign of God's anger. Genesis 19:24 Deuteronomy 29:23 Jeremiah 50:40

WrittenTraditional: about AD 65-80, by Jude the brother of James and of Jesus. Scholarly: views range from the 50s to the early second century, and some think a later follower wrote in Jude's name. Jude overview

HereJude wants his readers to see that God judges those who turn his grace into an excuse for immorality. Sodom proves the point, just as the wilderness generation and the fallen angels do. Jude 1:4 Jude 1:5 Jude 1:6 Jude 1:7 Jude overview

In the whole of ScriptureScripture often uses Sodom and Gomorrah as the standard picture of God's judgment. Peter likewise calls them 'an ensample unto those that after should live ungodly.' 2 Peter 2:6 Deuteronomy 29:23 Jeremiah 50:40 Jude overview

For readersThe warning is serious, yet Jude also points his readers to God, who is "able to keep you from falling" (1:24), and tells them to keep themselves in his love (1:21). Jude 1:20 Jude 1:21 Jude 1:24

Christians read this differently

Readers differ on what 'going after strange flesh' means. Some read it as same-sex relations, comparing Romans 1:26-27. Others link 'in like manner' to the angels of verse 6, who 'left their own habitation,' and read it as crossing the boundary between humans and angels. Jude 1:6 Jude 1:7Strong's G2087Romans 1:26 Romans 1:27

giving themselves over to fornicationἐκπορνεύω
Greek · ekporneuō · G1608
The lexicon calls this a strengthened form of the usual word for fornication, 'implying excessive indulgence': to give oneself up to it. In the New Testament it appears only here. Strong's G1608
strangeἕτερος
Greek · heteros · G2087
The basic meaning is 'other,' often 'the second of a pair.' So the phrase speaks of going after 'other flesh.' Strong's G2087
exampleδεῖγμα
Greek · deigma · G1164
The word means a thing shown, a specimen, and here a warning example. It appears only here, and 2 Peter 2:6 uses a related word for the same cities. Strong's G11642 Peter 2:6
eternalαἰώνιος
Greek · aiōnios · G0166
Its gloss is 'age-long, eternal.' The same word describes fire in Matthew 18:8 and punishment in Matthew 25:46. Strong's G0166

Takeaway

Jude points to Sodom and Gomorrha as a clear warning that God judges sexual immorality and ungodliness. Believers are called to keep themselves in God's love and trust him to keep them from falling. Jude 1:7 Jude 1:21 Jude 1:24

Drafted by AI from the Scripture and data shown under “Show sources,” then checked automatically and by a second AI pass. Updated 2026-10-23.

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Behind this verse

Sodom and Gomorrha: What Genesis records: The LORD rained fire and brimstone on Sodom and Gomorrha after the men of Sodom tried to seize the two angels staying with Lot. Genesis 19:1-11 Genesis 19:24-25
Sodom and Gomorrha: An example through Scripture: The prophets, Jesus and Peter all point back to Sodom and Gomorrha as a warning of judgment. Isaiah 1:9 Ezekiel 16:49-50 Matthew 10:15 2 Peter 2:6

About AD 65-80. Roman emperors: Nero, then Vespasian and Titus (AD 54-68, 69-79, 79-81).

Who ruled

Roman emperorsNero, then Vespasian and TitusAD 54-68, 69-79, 79-81
Nero's death in AD 68 was followed by civil war. Vespasian, the general fighting in Judea, won the throne in AD 69, and his son Titus finished the war and later succeeded him. Suetonius, Vespasian 4-6Tacitus, Histories 1.2Josephus, Jewish War 4.588-604
Jewish client kingHerod Agrippa IIc. AD 50-90s
Ruled territories north and east of Galilee under Rome. He tried to talk Jerusalem out of revolt in AD 66 and stayed on Rome's side. Acts 25:13Josephus, Jewish War 2.345-407
Rulers of the provinceRoman governors of JudeaAD 44-66, then from AD 70
Judea was ruled by Roman governors until the revolt. After AD 70 it became a separate province with a Roman legion stationed in ruined Jerusalem. Josephus, Jewish War 2.271-308Josephus, Jewish War 7.1-5

What was happening, AD 62 to AD 81

AD 62
The churchJames, Jude's brother, is killed
The high priest Ananus had "James, the brother of Jesus who was called Christ" stoned in Jerusalem. Jude names himself "brother of James." Josephus, Antiquities 20.197-203Jude 1:1 Galatians 1:19
AD 64
The churchNero blames the Christians for Rome's fire
After the Great Fire of Rome, Nero put a "vast multitude" of Christians to death. Tacitus, Annals 15.38-44
AD 66
WarThe Jewish revolt begins
Jerusalem rose against Rome after the governor Florus seized money from the temple treasury. Josephus, Jewish War 2.293-308, 2.409-410
AD 68-69
RulersThe Year of the Four Emperors
After Nero's suicide, Galba, Otho and Vitellius each seized power and fell within months, until Vespasian won. Tacitus, Histories 1.1-2Suetonius, Galba, Otho, Vitellius
AD 70
WarJerusalem and its temple destroyed
Titus took Jerusalem after a five-month siege and the temple was burned, as Jesus had foretold. Josephus, Jewish War 6.249-287Luke 19:41-44 Luke 21:20-24
AD 73 or 74
WarThe fall of Masada
The last rebels held out on the desert fortress of Masada above the Dead Sea until a Roman siege ramp reached its walls. Josephus, Jewish War 7.252-406
August AD 79
DisasterVesuvius buries Pompeii
The eruption of Vesuvius buried Pompeii and Herculaneum in Italy. Pliny the Younger, Letters 6.16, 6.20
AD 80
BuildingThe Colosseum opens
Titus opened the great amphitheater in Rome, built partly with spoils from the Jewish war. Suetonius, Titus 7.3Cassius Dio, Roman History 66.25
c. AD 81-96
The churchJude's grandsons before Domitian
An early church historian records that Domitian summoned two grandsons of Jude, "the brother of the Lord," as descendants of David. Finding them poor farmers with hard hands, he let them go. Eusebius, Church History 3.19-20 (citing Hegesippus)

The full picture: places, culture and daily life. Scripture first, then ancient writers on these years (Josephus, Tacitus, Suetonius, Eusebius) and on the Jewish writings Jude draws on. Drafted by Claude and not yet reviewed by a person.

Where

Gomorrah settlementMap About this place
Sodom settlementMap About this place

Locations from OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0). Some ancient sites are uncertain.

Original Greek words

English	Greek	Say it	Strong's	Meaning
just as	ὡς	hōs	G5613	as/when ὡς (hōs) ὡς, adverbial form of the relative pron. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ. I. As relat. adv. of manner, as, like as, just as, even as; 1. with a demonstrative, like οὕτως, expressed or understood: οὕτως . . . ὡς, Mrk.4:26, 1Co.3:15, Eph.5:28, Jas.2:12, al.; ὡς . . . οὕτως, Act.8:32, 1Co.7:17, al.; elliptically (sc. οὕτως, οὕτω), with nom., Mat.6:29, al.; with accusative, Mat.19:19, Mrk.12:31, al.; with prep., Mat.26:55, Mrk.14:48, Luk.22:52, Jhn.7:10, al.; with verb., Jhn.15:6, 2Co.3:1, Eph.2:3, 1Th.5:6, al.; with ptcp. (the ptcp. however not having the special force wh. it has in cl.; see Bl., §73, 5; 74, 6), Mat. …
Sodom	Σόδομα	Sodoma	G4670	Sodom Σόδομα (Sodoma) Σόδομα, -ων, τά (Heb. סְדֹם), Sodom (Gen.13:10, 12, al.): Mat.10:15 11:23-24 Luk.10:12 17:29, Rom.9:29" (LXX), 2Pe.2:6, Ju 7, Rev.11:8.† (AS)
and	καὶ	kai	G2532	and καί (kai) καί, conj., and I. Copulative. 1. Connecting single words; (a) in general: Mat.2:18, 16:1, Mrk.2:15, Luk.8:15, Heb.1:1, al. mult.; repeated before each of the terms in a series, Mat.23:23, Luk.14:21, Rom.7:12, 9:4, al. (b) connecting numerals (WM, §37, 4): Jhn.2:20, Act.13:20; (with) joining terms which are not mutually exclusive, as the part with the whole: Mat.8:33, 26:59, Mrk.16:17, Act.5:29, al. 2. Connecting clauses and sentences: Mat.3:12, Act.5:21, al. mult.; esp. …
Gomorrah	Γόμορρα	Gomorra	G1116	Gomorrah Γόμορρα (Gomorra) Γόμορρα, -ας, ἡ, and -ων, τά (Heb. עֲמֹרָה), Gomorrah, one of the cities of the plain (Gen.19): Mat.10:15, Rom.9:29" (LXX), 2Pe.2:6, Ju 7.† (AS)
and	καὶ	kai	G2532	and καί (kai) καί, conj., and I. Copulative. 1. Connecting single words; (a) in general: Mat.2:18, 16:1, Mrk.2:15, Luk.8:15, Heb.1:1, al. mult.; repeated before each of the terms in a series, Mat.23:23, Luk.14:21, Rom.7:12, 9:4, al. (b) connecting numerals (WM, §37, 4): Jhn.2:20, Act.13:20; (with) joining terms which are not mutually exclusive, as the part with the whole: Mat.8:33, 26:59, Mrk.16:17, Act.5:29, al. 2. Connecting clauses and sentences: Mat.3:12, Act.5:21, al. mult.; esp. …
around	περὶ	peri	G4012	about περί (peri) περί, prep. with genitive, accusative (in cl. also with dative; cf. M, Pr., 105f.), with radical sense round about (as distinct from ἀμφί, on both sides). I. C. genitive, 1. of place, about (poët.). …
them	αὐτὰς	autas	G0846	it/s/he αὐτός (autos) αὐτός, -ή, -ό, determinative pron., in late Gk. much more frequently than in cl. (WM, 178f.; Jannaris, HGG, §1399). 1. Emphatic (so always in nom. exc. when preceded by the art., see infr., iii); (1) self (ipse), expressing opposition, distinction, exclusion, etc., αὐ. ἐκχυθήσεται, Luk.5:37; αὐ. ἐγινώσκεν, Jhn.2:25; αὐ.ὑμεῖς, Jhn.3:28; καὶ αὐ. ἐγώ, Rom.15:14; αὐ. Ἰησοῦς, Jhn.2:24; αὐ. καὶ οἱ μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ, Mrk.2:25; ὑμεῖς αὐ., Mrk.6:31; esp. (as freq in cl.) αὐ. ὁ, Mat.3:4, Mrk.6:17, Jhn.16:27, 1Th.3:11, al.; in late Gk., sometimes weakened, ἐν αὐτῇ τ. ὥρᾳ, in that hour, Luk.10:21 (M, Pr., 91; …
cities	πόλεις	poleis	G4172	city πόλις (polis) πόλις, -εως, ὁ, [in LXX chiefly and very frequently for עִיר ;] a city: Mat.2:23, Mrk.1:45, Luk.4:29, Jhn.4:8, al. mult.; opposite to κῶμαι (κ. καὶ ἀγροί), Mat.9:35 10:11, Mrk.6:56, Luk.8:1 13:22; with nom. propr. in appos. (cl.), Act.11:5 16:14; with id. in genitive appos. (BL, §35, 5), Act.8:5, 2Pe.2:6; genitive, of the region, Luk.1:26 4:31, Jhn.4:5; of the inhabitants, Mat.10:5, 23 Luk.23:51, Act.19:35, 2Co.11:32; with genitive of person(s), of one's residence or native place, Mat.22:7, Luk.2:4, 11 4:29 10:11, Jhn.1:45, Act.16:20, Rev.16:9; of Jerusalem: ἡ ἁγία π., Mat.4:5 27:53, Rev.11: …
in like	ὅμοιον	homoion	G3664	like ὅμοιος (homoios) ὅμοιος, -οία, -οιον [in LXX for כְּמוֹ, etc. ;] like, resembling, such as, the same as: with dative, of form or appearance, Jhn.9:9, Rev.1:13 (WH, mg., R, but see infr.) Rev.1:15 2:18 4:6-7 9:7, 10 (B1., § 37, 62) Rev_9:19; Rev_11:1; Rev_13:2; Rev_13:11; ὁράσει, Rev_4:3; of nature, condition, ability, etc., Mat_22:39, Act_17:29, Gal_5:21, 1Jn_3:2, Rev_13:4; Rev_18:18; Rev_21:11; Rev_21:18; of comparison in parables, Mat_13:31 ff. Mat_20:1, Luk_13:18-19; Luk_13:21; of thinking, acting, etc., Mat_11:16; Mat_13:52, Luk_6:47-49; Luk_7:31-32 (T, with genitive; 131., § 36, 11) Luk_12:36, Joh_8:55, …
manner	τρόπον	tropon	G5158	way τρόπος (tropos) τρόπος, -ου, ὁ (τρέπω), [in LXX chiefly (ὃν τ.) for אֲשֶׁר ;] 1. a way, manner, fashion: Mat.23:37, Luk.13:34, Act.1:11 7:28, 2Ti.3:8, Ju 7; καθ᾽ ὃν τ., Act.15:11 27:25 (ef. MM, xxv); κατὰ πάντα τ., Rom.3:2; κατὰ μηδένα τ. (4Ma.4:24, al.), 2Th.2:3; (ἐν) παντὶ τ., Php.1:18, 2Th.3:16 2. Of persons, manner of life, character (Hdt., Æsch., al.): Heb.13:5.† (AS)
with them	τούτοις	toutois	G3778	this/he/she/it οὗτος (ohutos) οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο, genitive, τούτου, ταύτης, τούτου, [in LXX chiefly for זֹאת ,זֶה ;] demonstr. pron. (related to ἐκεῖνος as hic to ille), this; 1. as subst., this one, he; (a) absol.: Mat.3:17, Mrk.9:7, Luk.7:44, 45, Jhn.1:15, Act.2:15, al.; expressing contempt (cl.), Mat.13:55, 56, Mrk.6:2, 3, Jhn.6:42, al.; εἰς τοῦτο, Mrk.1:38, Rom.14:9; μετὰ τοῦτο (ταῦτα; V. Westc. on Jhn.5:1), Jhn.2:12 11:7, al.; (b) epanaleptic (referring to what precedes): Mat.5:19, Mrk.3:35, Luk.9:48, Jhn.6:46, Rom.7:10, al.; …
having indulged in sexual immorality	ἐκπορνεύσασαι	ekporneusasai	G1608	to fornicate ἐκπορνεύω (ekporneuō) ἐκ-πορνεύω [in LXX chiefly for זָנָה, frequently of spiritual unfaithfulness ;] strengthened form of πoρνεύω, implying excessive indulgence; mid, to give oneself up to fornication: Ju 7.† (AS)
and	καὶ	kai	G2532	and καί (kai) καί, conj., and I. Copulative. 1. Connecting single words; (a) in general: Mat.2:18, 16:1, Mrk.2:15, Luk.8:15, Heb.1:1, al. mult.; repeated before each of the terms in a series, Mat.23:23, Luk.14:21, Rom.7:12, 9:4, al. (b) connecting numerals (WM, §37, 4): Jhn.2:20, Act.13:20; (with) joining terms which are not mutually exclusive, as the part with the whole: Mat.8:33, 26:59, Mrk.16:17, Act.5:29, al. 2. Connecting clauses and sentences: Mat.3:12, Act.5:21, al. mult.; esp. …
having gone	ἀπελθοῦσαι	apelthousai	G0565	to go away ἀπέρχομαι (aperchomai) ἀπέρχομαι, [in LXX chiefly for הלךְ ;] 1. to go away, depart (also, in late writers, with "perfective" force, to arrive at a destination, the thought being carried on to the goal; M, Pr., 111f., 247; MM, see word); (a) absol.: Mat.13:25, al.; ptcp., ἀπελθών, used pleonastically with other verbs as in Heb. (Dalman, Words, 21), Mat.13:28, al.; (b) with mention of place or person: εἰς, Mat.14:15; ἐπί, Luk.24:24; πρός, Rev.10:9; ἀπό, Luk.1:38; ἐξω, Act.4:15; ἐκεῖ, Mat.2:22. …
after	ὀπίσω	opisō	G3694	after ὀπίσω (opisō) ὀπίσω adv. of place and time, [in LXX chiefly for אַחַר and cogn. forms ;] 1. prop., as in cl., adv., (a) of time (not in NT); (b) of place, back, behind, after: Mat.24:18, Luk.7:38; τὰ ὀ., Php.3:13; εἰς τὰ ὀ., Mrk.13:16, Luk.9:62 17:31, Jhn.6:66 18:6 20:14. 2. By a usage not found in cl., and in LXX representing the Heb. prep. אַחַר (Bl., § 40, 8; Thackeray, Gr., 46 f.), but also prob. general in vernacular (M, Pr., 99), as prep. with genitive; (a) of time, after: Mat.3:11, Mrk.1:7 Jhn.1:15, 27 1:30; …
flesh	σαρκὸς	sarkos	G4561	flesh σάρξ (sarx) σάρξ, σαρκός, ἡ [in LXX chiefly for בָּשָׂר ;] flesh; 1. as in cl. generally, (a) prop., of the soft substance of the animal body: 1Co.15:39, 2Co.12:7, Gal.6:13, al.; σ. καὶ αἷμα, 1Co.5:50; σ. καὶ ὀστέα, Luk.24:39; pl., of the flesh of many or parts of the flesh of one (cl.), Rev.17:16 19:18; φαγεῖν, Re, ll. with (cf. κατεσθίειν, 4Ki.9:36, al., and βιβρώσκειν, frequently in l.); metaphorically, Jas.5:3; mystically, φ. (τρώγειν) τὴν σ. τοῦ υἱοῦ τ. ἀνθρώπου, Jhn.6:52-56; …
strange,	ἑτέρας,	heteras	G2087	other ἕτερος (heteros) ἕτερος, -α, -ον, [in LXX chiefly for אַחֵר ;] distributive pron., prop. dual (BL, §13, 5; 51, 6), denoting the second of a pair, but in late Gk. encroaching on ἄλλος (M, Pr., 79f.); 1. of number, other; with art., the other; (a) of two, Luk.5:7 9:56, al.; opposite to ὁ πρῶτος, Mat.21:30; ὁ εἷς, Mat.6:24, Luk.7:41, Act.23:6, al.; ἕ. μὲν . . . ἕ. δέ, the one . . . the other: 1Co.15:40; the next: Luk.6:6 9:56 (sc. ἡμέρα, Xen.), Act.20:15 27:3; = ὁ πλησίον, one's neighbour: Rom.2:1 13:8, 1Co.6:1, al.; …
are set forth as	πρόκεινται	prokeintai	G4295	to set before πρόκειμαι (prokeimai) πρό-κειμαι [in LXX: Exo.39:18 (36), Num.4:7 (פָּנִים), etc. ;] used as pass. of προτίθημι; 1. to be set before one, to be set forth: Heb.6:18 12:1-2, Ju 7. 2. to present oneself, be present: 2Co.8:12 (see Mey., in l).† (AS)
an example	δεῖγμα	deigma	G1164	example δεῖγμα (deigma) δεῖγμα, -τος, τό (δείκνυμι); 1. (cl.) a thing shown, a specimen. 2. = cl. παράδ- (cf. ὑπόδ-, 2Pe.2:6), an example (a warning): Ju 7.† (AS)
of fire	πυρὸς	puros	G4442	fire πῦρ (pur) πῦρ genitive, πυρός, τό, [in LXX chiefly and very frequently for אֵשׁ ;] fire: Mrk.9:22, Luk.3:9, Jhn.15:6, Act.2:10, 1Co.3:13, Jas.3:5, Rev.8:5, al; π. καὶ θεῖον, Luk.17:29; κατακαίειν (ἐν) π., Mat.13:40, Rev.17:16 18:8; καίεσθαι πυρί, Heb.12:18, Rev.8:8 21:8; φλὸξ πυρός, Act.7:30, 2Th.1:8, Heb.1:7, Rev.1:14 2:18 19:12; λαμπάδες πυρός, Rev.4:5; στῦλοι πυρός, Rev.10:1; ἄνθρακες πυρός, Rom.12:20 (LXX); γλῶσσαι ὡσεὶ πυρός, Act.2:3; δοκιμάζειν (πυροῦσθαι) διὰ πυρός, 1Pe.1:7, Rev.3:18; ὡς διὰ. π. (Lft., Notes, 193), 1Co.3:15. Of the fire of hell (cf. Dalman, Words,161): Mrk.9:48 (LXX); τὸ π. τὸ …
eternal	αἰωνίου	aiōniou	G0166	eternal αἰώνιος (aiōnios) αἰώνιος, -ον (as usual in Attic), also -α, -ον. 2Th.2:16, Heb.9:12; (αἰών), [in LXX chiefly for עוֹלָם ;] age-long, eternal, (a) of that which is without either beginning or end: Rom.16:26, Heb.9:14; (b) of that which is without beginning: Rom.16:25, 2Ti.1:9, Tit.1:2; (with) of that which is without end (MM, VGT, see word): σκηναί, Luk.16:9 οἰκία, 2Co.5:1; διαθήκη, Heb.13:20; εὐαγγέλιον, Rev.14:6; παράκλησις, 2Th.2:16; λύτρωσις, Heb.9:12; κληρονομία, ib. 15; κόλασις, Mat.25:46; κρίμα, Heb.6:2; κρίσις, Mrk.3:29; ὄλεθρον, 2Th.1:9; πῦρ, Mat.18:8; frequently with ζωή, which see …
[the] penalty	δίκην	dikēn	G1349	condemnation δίκη (dikē) δίκη, -ης, ἡ [in LXX for נָקָם, רִיב, etc. ;] 1. custom. 2. right. 3. a judicial hearing; hence its result, the execution of a sentence, punishment: δ. τίνειν, 2Th.1:9; δ. υπεχειν, Ju 7. 4. Personified (cf. Lat. Justitia), justice, vengeance: Act.28:4.† (AS)
undergoing.	ὑπέχουσαι.	hupechousai	G5254	to undergo ὑπέχω (hupechō) ὑπ-έχω [in LXX: Psa.89:50 (נָשָׂא), La 5:7 (סָבַל), Wis.12:21, 2Ma.4:48 * ;] to hold or put under. Metaphorical, to undergo, suffer: δίκην, Ju 7 (Soph., Eur., al.).† (AS)

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Words and meanings from STEPBible data (Tyndale House, Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). The capitalized syllable is the stressed one.

Jude 1:7

Other translations

WhoJude, who calls himself a servant of Jesus Christ and brother of James.

WhatThe cities gave themselves over to sexual immorality and went after 'strange flesh.' Their destruction by fire is held up as a warning example of God's punishment. Genesis tells how the LORD rained brimstone and fire on them because their sin was very grievous.

WhereSodom and Gomorrah were settlements in the same area, placed near latitude 31.21, longitude 35.45. Jeremiah calls the surrounding towns their 'neighbour cities.' The letter does not say where it was written or sent.

WhenTraditional: about AD 65-80, by Jude the brother of James and of Jesus. Scholarly: views range from the 50s to the early second century, and some think a later follower wrote in Jude's name.

WhyJude wants his readers to see that God judges those who turn his grace into an excuse for immorality. Sodom proves the point, just as the wilderness generation and the fallen angels do.