Ezra 4

Ezra · Chapter 4

Ezra 4:23

1Now when the adversaries of Judah and Benjamin heard that the children of the captivity builded the temple unto the LORD God of Israel;2Then they came to Zerubbabel, and to the chief of the fathers, and said unto them, Let us build with you: for we seek your God, as ye do; and we do sacrifice unto him since the days of Esarhaddon king of Assur, which brought us up hither.3But Zerubbabel, and Jeshua, and the rest of the chief of the fathers of Israel, said unto them, Ye have nothing to do with us to build an house unto our God; but we ourselves together will build unto the LORD God of Israel, as king Cyrus the king of Persia hath commanded us.4Then the people of the land weakened the hands of the people of Judah, and troubled them in building,5And hired counsellors against them, to frustrate their purpose, all the days of Cyrus king of Persia, even until the reign of Darius king of Persia.6And in the reign of Ahasuerus, in the beginning of his reign, wrote they unto him an accusation against the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem.7And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of their companions, unto Artaxerxes king of Persia; and the writing of the letter was written in the Syrian tongue, and interpreted in the Syrian tongue.8Rehum the chancellor and Shimshai the scribe wrote a letter against Jerusalem to Artaxerxes the king in this sort:9Then wrote Rehum the chancellor, and Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their companions; the Dinaites, the Apharsathchites, the Tarpelites, the Apharsites, the Archevites, the Babylonians, the Susanchites, the Dehavites, and the Elamites,10And the rest of the nations whom the great and noble Asnapper brought over, and set in the cities of Samaria, and the rest that are on this side the river, and at such a time.11This is the copy of the letter that they sent unto him, even unto Artaxerxes the king; Thy servants the men on this side the river, and at such a time.12Be it known unto the king, that the Jews which came up from thee to us are come unto Jerusalem, building the rebellious and the bad city, and have set up the walls thereof, and joined the foundations.13Be it known now unto the king, that, if this city be builded, and the walls set up again, then will they not pay toll, tribute, and custom, and so thou shalt endamage the revenue of the kings.14Now because we have maintenance from the king’s palace, and it was not meet for us to see the king’s dishonour, therefore have we sent and certified the king;15That search may be made in the book of the records of thy fathers: so shalt thou find in the book of the records, and know that this city is a rebellious city, and hurtful unto kings and provinces, and that they have moved sedition within the same of old time: for which cause was this city destroyed.16We certify the king that, if this city be builded again, and the walls thereof set up, by this means thou shalt have no portion on this side the river.17Then sent the king an answer unto Rehum the chancellor, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, and unto the rest beyond the river, Peace, and at such a time.18The letter which ye sent unto us hath been plainly read before me.19And I commanded, and search hath been made, and it is found that this city of old time hath made insurrection against kings, and that rebellion and sedition have been made therein.20There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, which have ruled over all countries beyond the river; and toll, tribute, and custom, was paid unto them.21Give ye now commandment to cause these men to cease, and that this city be not builded, until another commandment shall be given from me.22Take heed now that ye fail not to do this: why should damage grow to the hurt of the kings?23Now when the copy of king Artaxerxes’ letter was read before Rehum, and Shimshai the scribe, and their companions, they went up in haste to Jerusalem unto the Jews, and made them to cease by force and power.24Then ceased the work of the house of God which is at Jerusalem. So it ceased unto the second year of the reign of Darius king of Persia.

King James Version (1769)

Other translations

VerseKJVBSBASV
23Now when the copy of king Artaxerxes’ letter was read before Rehum, and Shimshai the scribe, and their companions, they went up in haste to Jerusalem unto the Jews, and made them to cease by force and power.When the text of the letter from King Artaxerxes was read to Rehum, Shimshai the scribe, and their associates, they went immediately to the Jews in Jerusalem and forcibly stopped them.Then when the copy of king Artaxerxes’ letter was read before Rehum, and Shimshai the scribe, and their companions, they went in haste to Jerusalem unto the Jews, and made them to cease by force and power.

In context

Who is speaking and to whom, what is happening, when and where, and why it matters, each with its sources. Coming with the context cards.

Where

Locations from OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0). Some ancient sites are uncertain.

Original Aramaic words

This passage was written in Aramaic, the common language of the Babylonian and Persian empires, which the Jews of the exile also spoke. It uses the same alphabet as Hebrew.

EnglishAramaicSay itStrong'sMeaning
thenאֱדַ֗יִן'e-DA-yinH0116
then

אֱדַ֫יִן (e.da.yin) then, afterwards, thereupon, from that time Aramaic of az (אָז "then" H0227A)

fromמִן־min-H4481
from

מִן־ (min) 1) from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than 1a) from, out of (of place) 1b) from, by, as a result of, by reason of, at, according to, (of source) 1c) from (of time) 1d) beyond, more than (in comparisons)

thatדִּ֞יdiH1768
that

דִּי (di) part of relation 1) who, which, that mark of genitive 2) that of, which belongs to, that conj 3) that, because

[the] copy ofפַּרְשֶׁ֤גֶןpar-SHE-genH6573
copy

פַּרְשֶׁ֫גֶן (par.she.gen) copy Aramaic of pat.she.gen (פַּתְשֶׁ֫גֶן "copy" H6572B)

letter theנִשְׁתְּוָנָא֙nish-te-va-NA'H5407
document

נִשְׁתְּוָן (nish.te.van) letter Aramaic of nish.te.van (נִשְׁתְּוָן "letter" H5406)

ofדִּ֚יdiH1768
that

דִּי (di) part of relation 1) who, which, that mark of genitive 2) that of, which belongs to, that conj 3) that, because

Artaxerxesאַרְתַּחְשַׁ֣שְׂתְּ'ar-tach-shas-teH0783B
Artaxerxes

אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא (ar.tach.shash.ta) A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Ezr.4.7 Aramaic of ar.tach.shash.ta (אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא "Artaxerxes" H0783H) § Artaxerxes = "I will make the spoiled to boil: I will stir myself (in) winter" son and successor of Xerxes as emperor of Persia, 465-424 BC

king theמַלְכָּ֔אmal-KA'H4430
king

מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) king Aramaic of me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "king" H4428) § 1) king

it was read aloudקֱרִ֧יke-RIH7123
to read

קְרָא (qe.ra) 1) to call, read aloud, read out, shout 1a) (P'al) 1a1) to call, proclaim 1a2) to read aloud, read out 1b)(Ithp'el) to be summoned, be called

beforeקֳדָם־ko-dom-H6925
before

קֳדָם (qo.dam) 1) before, in front of 1a) before 1b) from before

Rehumרְח֛וּםre-CHUMH7348B
Rehum

רְחוּם (re.chum) A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Ezr.4.8 § Rehum = "compassion" a commander who wrote a letter to the king Artaxerxes in which he opposed the rebuilding of Jerusalem

and Shimshaiוְשִׁמְשַׁ֥יve-shim-SHAIH8124
Shimshai

שִׁמְשַׁי (shim.shay) A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Ezr.4.8 § Shimshai = "sunny" the scribe for Rehum, the satrap of Judea for the Persian government

scribe theסָפְרָ֖אsa-fe-RA'H5613
scribe

סָפִר (sa.pher) scribe, secretary Aramaic of so.pher (סֹפֵר "secretary" H5608B)

and associates theirוּכְנָוָתְה֑וֹןu-khe-na-va-te-HONH3675
associate

כְּנָת (ke.nat) companion, associate Aramaic of ke.nat (כְּנָת "associate" H3674)

they wentאֲזַ֨לוּ'a-ZA-luH0236
to go

אֲזַל (a.zal) 1) to go, to go off 1a) (P'al) to go, go off

in hasteבִבְהִיל֤וּviv-hi-LUH0924
hastely

בְּהִילוּ (be.hi.lu) haste, hastily Aramaic of ba.hal (בָּהַל "to dismay" H0926)

to Jerusalemלִירֽוּשְׁלֶם֙li-ru-she-LEMH3390
Jerusalem

יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם (ye.ru.sha.lem) Aramaic of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389) § Jerusalem = "teaching of peace" the chief city of Palestine and capital of the united kingdom and the nation of Judah after the split

toעַל־'al-H5922
since

עַל (al) 1) upon, over, on account of, above, to, against 1a) upon, over, on account of, regarding, concerning, on behalf of 1b) over (with verbs of ruling) 1c) above, beyond (in comparison) 1d) to, against (of direction)

Jews theיְה֣וּדָיֵ֔אye-HU-da-YE'H3062
Jew

יְהוּדַי (ye.hu.da.i) Someone descended from Judah (H3063) and possibly other tribes, first mentioned at 2Ki.25.25 Aramaic of ye.hu.di (יְהוּדִי "Jew" H3064)

and they made to ceaseוּבַטִּ֥לוּu-va-TI-luH0989
to cease

בְּטֵל (be.tel) 1) (P'al) to cease 1a) to cease 1b) to make to cease

themהִמּ֖וֹhi-MOH1994
they

הִמּוֹ (him.mo) 1) they, them 1a) they (subject) 1b) them (object)

with forceבְּאֶדְרָ֥עbe-'ed-RA'H0153
force

אֶדְרַע (ed.ra) strong, force, arm, power Aramaic of ze.ro.a (זְרוֹעַ "arm" H2220)

and powerוְחָֽיִל׃ סve-CHA-yilH2429
strength

חַ֫יִל (cha.yil) 1) strength, army, power 1a) power 1b) force, army

Words and meanings from STEPBible data (Tyndale House, Cambridge, CC BY 4.0). The capitalized syllable is the stressed one.